Explanation of Verses

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IntroductionHe is the First and the Last, the Manifest and the Hidden.

The first verse has been explained under the proof of Truths so we will be brief about it and carry on. The matter of this verse is that God gives witness that only He is God and the angels and the wise ones give the same witness in their own style.

The sign of the Oneness of God’s pure entity is that He rules the entire universe with perfect justice This is why the verse says, that He has promulgated justice and adds after speaking about His oneness that there is no god but He and He is the god who is almighty and all-wise.

 It is agreed that if there are more than one ruler in this universe then the kingdom of one will beyond the reach of another and each one of them will not be equal to the other’s powers and perfection. But this is against the attribute of “Aziz” for God and the rule that he promulgates proves His oneness. The multi-existence of gods will result in chaos and disarray.

The witness of the angels and the wise is very evident but what is the condition of god giving witness of His own oneness? The commentators have expressed their opinions about it. Some say this is a verbal witness and is present in many verses of the Qura’n but some say that His presence and His power and control on earth are manifest and all are under one system and this is the witness of God’s oneness.

Both the views are correct in their places but the witness here may have another side and our purpose is to explain the same and it says that God’ entity is such that there can be no others because He is an infinite entity and there can not be another such existence. So the entity of God is the Witness on His oneness and this is a very strong witness. (Reflect)

There is no difference in the three premises and they can be included in the meaning of this verse. Some elder commentators (Like the author of Al Mizan) insistence regarding the first explanation (the verbal witness) being the only explanation for this verse is not acceptable. The reason for this that the words of the verse are free and they cannot be confined to any particular meaning.

Why is there a repetition of the words “There is no god but Allah”? It has first been brought as an introduction and the second time as a result. The famous Sunni commentary, Tafsir Qartabi reports Imam Jafar Sadiq (AS) to have said, “This sentence was first spoken for introducing the Oneness of God and the second time for teaching and showing the way or “O people! You should also say that there is no god but the One God and He is almighty and all–wise. (1)

 


 

1. Tafsir Qartabi Vol.2 Page 1285

 

IntroductionHe is the First and the Last, the Manifest and the Hidden.
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