The Philosophical Proof of the Necessary existence and the contingent existence

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Everyone is dependent on Him:The Proof of Needlessness and Poverty in Islamic Traditions.

This is one of the proofs which everyone can understand easily. It can be explained in language of the common man, or by philosophical terms.

In the common language it says: When we look at ourselves we find that we are totally dependent; a dependence that we cannot fulfill through our inherent powers. To overcome this deficiency we have to look away from ourselves. There is a famous saying that he who is the most spendthrift is the most dependent.” Any person, the more powerful he is (materially or metaphorically) the more is his dependence. A wild bird is satisfied with a little sustenance and a small nest but there are umpteen necessities for a powerful king. In the same way the needs of a learned researcher is more than that of an ordinary student. A person therefore, concludes that in this universe there is a fountainhead of needlessness and everything and everyone is dependent on it and this is the entity we call “God”.

We can explain this issue through rhetoric and philosophy in this way: Existence is of two kinds one is contingent and the other is necessary.

                             

 The necessary being is the one who is self sufficient and his existence depends on Him alone free from all dependence. The contingent existence is the one that does not have any power by itself but is totally dependent. This is why there is no reason to give proof about the necessary existence. Any person who is in doubt about this is a person who has not understood the meaning of contingent existence.

Why is the contingent existence dependent on a cause and what is the main reason for it? Is his existence or presence itself the reason or is it the creation which is the cause? Since we are contingent we are a creation or are it because we are present or are the real reason neither their presence nor their creation but the real reason is the contingence of their existence and it is why they are dependent. So we should not search for the cause of their dependence in their creation but the real reason for their dependence is their contingence.

The truth is that the among the answers mentioned the third answer is correct and true because if we fully understand the meaning of contingency and also its base then we will know that the need for cause is hidden in it. Contingency existence is that which the philosophers term as “Ghair iqtizai” which means it is neither necessary nor eternal. Now because it is contingent its existence and non-existence needs a creative force and this is why the philosophers say that it is but natural that the contingent existence is ever dependent from its origin to it end.

We can decide from the above statement that the dependence of the contingent existence on the necessary one is not just at the origin but the dependence remains through its life for well being since this contingency will remain and so long as it remains the dependence will exist. It is as if contingency and dependence are inseparable like when we start to write with a pen the action is dependent on an outer sourcing i.e. our fingers. The pen moves when our fingers move and as soon as they stop writing the pen stops. A clearer example is that of the deeds of our soul’s e.g. We decide to do something and this decision is a deed of our soul and is connected to it. But when this connection breaks the work will stop. We too are attached to the Truth (God) and we cannot exist for even a moment if this tie is severed.

It is quite possible that someone may say when an architect constructs our house and then dies our house remains standing. This tells us that some where there is a contingency that the deed may not be dependent on the doer. We will answer such a person that this well being exists because one cause is taken over by another. In the beginning the experienced hands of the architect or mason has laid the bricks in a very orderly fashion one upon another. The weight of the bricks, their capacity to bear and the application of cement etc has kept the house standing.

In short the existence of the contingent being is a connective existence attached to someone. It will remain standing if its connection is not with something strong and independent. It is enough that we understand a contingent existence to be able to realize the necessary one. There will be no need for lengthy discussions and debates if this happens. (Please reflect).

 

Everyone is dependent on Him:The Proof of Needlessness and Poverty in Islamic Traditions.
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